Kirsch, I., &Lynn, S. J. (1995). The altered state of hypnosis:
Changes in the theoretical landscape. American Psychologist, 50,
846–858.
Lynn S. J., and Kirsch I. (2006). Essentials of clinical hypnosis.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Lynn, S. J., Rhue, J. W., &Weekes, J. R. (1990). Hypnotic
involuntariness: A social-cognitive analysis. Psychological
Review, 97, 169–184.
O’Hanlon, W. H. (1987). Raices profundas. Principios básicos de
la terapia y de la hipnosis de Milton Erickson. Barcelona, Spain:
Paidós.
Orne, M. T. (1962). Antisocial behavior and hypnosis: Problems of
control and validation in empirical studies. In G. H. Estabrooks
(Ed.), Hypnosis: Current problems (pp. 137–192). New York, NY:
Harper &Row.
Prochaska, J., and DiClemente, C. (1983). Stages and processes of
self-change in smoking: Toward an integrative model of change.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 5, 390–395.
Rowland, L. W. (1939). Will hypnotized persons try to harm
themselves or others? Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 34,
114–117.
Society of Psychological Hypnosis (APA Division 30). The
official Division 30 definition and description of hypnosis.
Retrieved online at http://psychologicalhypnosis.com/info/the-
official-division-30-definition-and-description-of-hypnosis/
Spiegel, D., &Cardena, E. (1996). Diagnostic issues of
dissociative disorders. In L. K. Michelson &W. J. Ray (Eds.),
Handbook of dissociation (pp. 227–250). New York, NY: Plenum.
Spiegel H., &Spiegel, D. (2004). Trance and treatment: Clinical
uses of hypnosis. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Publishing.
Tobias, M. L. (1993). Guidelines for ex-members. In M. D.
Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults (p. 311). New York, NY:
Norton.
Weitzenhoffer, A. M. (1949). The production of antisocial acts
under hypnosis. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 44(3),
420–422.
Wells, W. R. (1941). Experiments in the hypnotic production of
crime. Journal of Psychology, 11, 63–102.
Wolberg, L. R. (1945). Hypnoanalysis. New York, NY: Grune &
Stratton.
Wolberg, L. R. (1948). Medical hypnosis (2 vols.). New York, NY:
Grune &Stratton.
Yapko, M. (1995). Essentials of hypnosis. New York, NY:
Bruner/Mazel.
Young, P. C. (1948). Antisocial uses of hypnosis. In L. M. LeCron
(Ed.), Experimental hypnosis (pp. 376–406). New York, NY:
Macmillan.
Acknowledgements
I want to thank the members of the Association
for the Advancement of Experimental and
Applied Hypnosis (AAHEA) for their generous
feedback and advice while writing this paper,
especially Dr. Antonio Capafons and Andrés
Carmona. My special thanks to Dr. Michael
Langone, for his readiness to help with the
publishing of this paper whenever needed or
with whatever issue I requested of him. I also
want to thank Berni Armstrong for his help with
the language usage, and Sharon Hamm for her
patient and diligent editing work with a paper
whose author is not a native English speaker.
About the Author
Jose Fernández Aguado is a psychologist and
psychotherapist in private practice in Barcelona,
at Pehuén Institute of Psychology
(www.institutpehuen.com), where he has been
for the past 12 years. He follows a constructivist
and systemic approach, subjects on which, in
addition to hypnosis, he has postgraduate
studies. He is involved with the latter both as a
therapeutic tool and as a field of research,
having published on the matter in La Revista de
Psicoterapia international journal. He is
interested in psychological manipulation at
schools (bullying), in the workplace (mobbing),
and at home (psychological maltreatment). He is
a founding member of the Catalonian College of
Psychologists task force on hypnosis and is a
member of the Association for the Advancement
of Experimental and Applied Hypnosis,
(AAHEA), for which he is the current secretary.
You may contact him at
jfernandez@institutpehuen.com
International Journal of Cultic Studies ■ Vol. 6, 2015 59
Changes in the theoretical landscape. American Psychologist, 50,
846–858.
Lynn S. J., and Kirsch I. (2006). Essentials of clinical hypnosis.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Lynn, S. J., Rhue, J. W., &Weekes, J. R. (1990). Hypnotic
involuntariness: A social-cognitive analysis. Psychological
Review, 97, 169–184.
O’Hanlon, W. H. (1987). Raices profundas. Principios básicos de
la terapia y de la hipnosis de Milton Erickson. Barcelona, Spain:
Paidós.
Orne, M. T. (1962). Antisocial behavior and hypnosis: Problems of
control and validation in empirical studies. In G. H. Estabrooks
(Ed.), Hypnosis: Current problems (pp. 137–192). New York, NY:
Harper &Row.
Prochaska, J., and DiClemente, C. (1983). Stages and processes of
self-change in smoking: Toward an integrative model of change.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 5, 390–395.
Rowland, L. W. (1939). Will hypnotized persons try to harm
themselves or others? Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 34,
114–117.
Society of Psychological Hypnosis (APA Division 30). The
official Division 30 definition and description of hypnosis.
Retrieved online at http://psychologicalhypnosis.com/info/the-
official-division-30-definition-and-description-of-hypnosis/
Spiegel, D., &Cardena, E. (1996). Diagnostic issues of
dissociative disorders. In L. K. Michelson &W. J. Ray (Eds.),
Handbook of dissociation (pp. 227–250). New York, NY: Plenum.
Spiegel H., &Spiegel, D. (2004). Trance and treatment: Clinical
uses of hypnosis. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Publishing.
Tobias, M. L. (1993). Guidelines for ex-members. In M. D.
Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults (p. 311). New York, NY:
Norton.
Weitzenhoffer, A. M. (1949). The production of antisocial acts
under hypnosis. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 44(3),
420–422.
Wells, W. R. (1941). Experiments in the hypnotic production of
crime. Journal of Psychology, 11, 63–102.
Wolberg, L. R. (1945). Hypnoanalysis. New York, NY: Grune &
Stratton.
Wolberg, L. R. (1948). Medical hypnosis (2 vols.). New York, NY:
Grune &Stratton.
Yapko, M. (1995). Essentials of hypnosis. New York, NY:
Bruner/Mazel.
Young, P. C. (1948). Antisocial uses of hypnosis. In L. M. LeCron
(Ed.), Experimental hypnosis (pp. 376–406). New York, NY:
Macmillan.
Acknowledgements
I want to thank the members of the Association
for the Advancement of Experimental and
Applied Hypnosis (AAHEA) for their generous
feedback and advice while writing this paper,
especially Dr. Antonio Capafons and Andrés
Carmona. My special thanks to Dr. Michael
Langone, for his readiness to help with the
publishing of this paper whenever needed or
with whatever issue I requested of him. I also
want to thank Berni Armstrong for his help with
the language usage, and Sharon Hamm for her
patient and diligent editing work with a paper
whose author is not a native English speaker.
About the Author
Jose Fernández Aguado is a psychologist and
psychotherapist in private practice in Barcelona,
at Pehuén Institute of Psychology
(www.institutpehuen.com), where he has been
for the past 12 years. He follows a constructivist
and systemic approach, subjects on which, in
addition to hypnosis, he has postgraduate
studies. He is involved with the latter both as a
therapeutic tool and as a field of research,
having published on the matter in La Revista de
Psicoterapia international journal. He is
interested in psychological manipulation at
schools (bullying), in the workplace (mobbing),
and at home (psychological maltreatment). He is
a founding member of the Catalonian College of
Psychologists task force on hypnosis and is a
member of the Association for the Advancement
of Experimental and Applied Hypnosis,
(AAHEA), for which he is the current secretary.
You may contact him at
jfernandez@institutpehuen.com
International Journal of Cultic Studies ■ Vol. 6, 2015 59
