Cultic Studies Review, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2003, Page 198
30 Zhu (note 24) p.46.
31 Elizabeth Perry mentions that, ‗At the time of the 1989 demonstrations, the government set up
hotlines in the major cities to encourage citizens to report any suspicious behavior by qigong
masters‘. From idem, ‗Reinventing the Wheel? The Campaign against Falungong‘, Harvard
China Review (Spring/Summer 2000) p.68.
32 Ownby (note 7) p.8.
33 Kluver (note 2) p.21.
34 Li (note 11), chapter entitled ‗All the Ways Lead to the Origin‘, p.2/2.
35 Li Hongzhi, ‗Deter Interference‘, 5 July 2000, http://www.falundafa.org/book/eng/jw_16.htm.
Note: Many of Li‘s articles are only available via the Falun Gong website Minghui
(Clearwisdom). Because the website addresses for these articles change over time, if you
cannot locate the article at the webpage cited, go to the Falun Gong homepage,
http://www.clearwisdom.net, where Li‘s articles can be accessed by title and date.
36 Barend ter Haar, ‗China‘s Inner Demons: The Political Impact of the Demonological Paradigm‘,
China Information XI 2/3 (Autumn/Winter 1996–97) pp.54–88. Also see ter Haar‘s website on
the Falun Gong, http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/bth/falun.htm.
37 Ibid. p.85. It does not, according to ter Haar, ‗directly cause violent incidents, but functions in the
setting of human targets, establishing a sense of legitimacy for actual violence and defining
the general parameters for actual violence‘.
38 Li‘s teachings have always expressed a strong dualism. See Patsy Rahn, ‗The Falun Gong: Beyond
the Headlines‘, Cultic Studies Journal 17 (2000) pp.168–86. Since the ban, the dualism has
increasingly been expressed via the demonological paradigm.
39 Li Hongzhi, ‗Suffocate the Evil‘, 22 Oct. 2000, http://falun–ny.net/cgi–falun–
ny/index.pl?lan+english&id=outer_url&outer_url=http://www.falundafa…/jw20.ht idem,
‗Beyond the Limits of Forbearance‘, 1 Jan. 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2001/Jan/02/JingWen10201.html.
40 ‗Asiaweek names Falun Gong founder most powerful communicator‘, Kyoto News Service 24 May
2001. ‗The magazine said it redefined power this year as ―those who can communicate – or
control the message‖ because they are the ones who ―wield the greatest influence‖ in today‘s
information age‘.
41 The government‘s campaign against the group intensified following the 23 Jan. 2001 self-
immolations in Tiananmen Square of four adults and one 12-year-old girl who were reported
to be Falun Gong practitioners. The FLG deny that they were FLG practitioners and suggest
that the event was staged by the government. However, the Hong Kong-based Information
Center on Human Rights and Democratic Movement in China reports that ‗[a]ll but the 12-
year-old Liu Siying had protested Beijing‘s actions against Falun Gong in Tiananmen Square
previously‘, in Philip P.Pan, ‗Human Fire Ignites Chinese Mystery‘, The Washington Post, 4 Feb.
2001.
42 ‗CPC Central Committee Forbids Party Members to Practice Falun Gong‘, China Daily, 22 July 1999
‗People‘s Daily Article Calls for Strengthening Party Discipline‘, China Daily, 25 July 1999
‗Chinese Urged to Understand Nature of Struggle Against Falun Gong‘, China Daily, 29 July
1999.
43 Randy Peerenboom, China‘s Long March Toward Rule of Law, unpublished manuscript (2001), see
chapter entitled ‗Post-Mao Reforms: Competing Conceptions of Rule of Law‘. Peerenboom cites
Chu (1999) for the 400,000 figure, ‗One report claimed that the Party itself estimated the
number of party members who believed in Falungong to be 400,000. ―Three-Pronged purge‖
of Falungong Cited (1999)‘.
44 Ibid. Peerenboom includes a discussion on legal issues regarding the ban.
46 ‗People‘s Republic of China: Torture – A Growing Scourge in China‘, Amnesty International Online,
ai-index ASA 17/004/2001 12/02/2001.
46 ‗China Investigation Report 2000–2001: Studies of Contradictions Among The People Under New
Conditions‘, in Erik Eckholm, ‗China‘s Inner Circle Reveals Big Unrest‘, The New York Times, 3
June 2001.
47 See Mark R. Bell and Taylor C. Boas, ‗Falun Gong and the Internet: Evangelism, Community, and
Struggle for Survival‘, Nova Religio 5/2 (April 2002), copy received from Mark Bell in April
2001.
48 ‗Resisting All Evil Forces in the Human World‘, 27 April 2001, http://www.clear
wisdom.net/emh/articles/2201/4/27/9090.html. ‗The words from the corrupt people are full of
evil. We should resist them and should not repeat them in order to diminish their evil power.

Cultic Studies Review, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2003, Page 199
In addition we are practitioners and will be enlightened beings in the future. How can we say
dirty words?‘
49 ‗Looking Within Myself During the Fa Rectification‘, 20 April 2001, http://www.clear
wisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/4/20/6831.html.
50 ‗Media Advisory – for Immediate Release‘, 26 April 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/4/27/9091.html. See also Li Hongzhi,
‗Eliminate Evil‘, 2 Dec. 2000,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2000/Dec/02/Editorials120200.html.
51 Bell and Boas (note 47).
52 In ‗Master Li Hongzhi‘s Lecture at the Great Lakes Conference in North America‘, 23 Dec. 2000,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2000/Dec/23/JingWen122300.html, Li states: ‗Some of our
students outside of China wonder: ―Being overseas, we don‘t suffer as much the students in
China do. Does this mean that we won‘t be as good as the students in China when we reach
Consummation?‖‘ The answer Li gives is that they are all equal as particles of Dafa as long as
they do what they can to step forward and defend the Fa.
53 This changed in Li‘s message ‗Coercion Cannot Change People‘s Hearts‘, 6 March 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2001/Mar/06/JingWen030601.html, where he indicated that
reformed practitioners could come back into the fold if they renounced their renunciation.
However, they will need to ‗make up for the losses they have caused Dafa because of their
own misconduct‘ by ‗doubling your efforts to make amends …‘, ‗Double Your Efforts to Make
Amends, Catch up With the Fa-Rectification Process‘, 2 Jan. 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2001/Jan/02/VSF0102012.html.
54See David C. Rapoport, ‗Messianic Sanctions For Terror‘, Comparative Politics (Jan. 1988) p.205.
55 Ian Johnson, ‗The Burden of Belief‘, The Wall Street Journal, 27 March 2000.
56 Li Hongzhi, ‗Fa-Rectification Period Dafa Disciples‘, 15 August 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/8/16/12965.html ‗Lecture on the Fa at the
Washington D.C. International Conference‘,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/7/30/12636,html.
57 The period of Fa-rectification is identified with the persecution that the practitioners experience in
China. The persecution is described as a ‗test‘ of practitioners and referred to as the ‗time of
tribulations‘. It is implied that the Fa-rectification process will be completed and the Fa-
rectification (as an end result) arrive, when the period of persecution of the Falun Gong has
ended. This also implies that the practitioner‘s moment of Consummation cannot arrive until
the ban in China is lifted. There are hints that there is not much time left before the Fa-
rectification is complete. The exact ending time for the Fa-rectification and the time of
Consummation to arrive, is kept vague, and Li tells practitioners not to think about it or they
may become ‗attached‘ to it. A ‗common resident‘ in China is quoted in a Minghui article as
saying: ‗They said the Fa would be rectified very soon. I am looking forward to the coming of
that day‘. In ‗Despite the Blanket of Terror, Changshun Falun Dafa Practitioners Remain
Determined and People Are Awakening‘, 28 March 2002.
58 ‗What Shanshan Saw in Other Dimensions – Part I‘, 28 April 2001, http://www.clear
wisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/4/28/9140.html, and ‗Part II‘, 2 May 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/5/2/9205.html ‗With Teacher at the helm,
the Fa saves all beings – Part I‘, 5 May 2001,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/5/4/9259.html ‗One Wink in the Boundless
Dafa – Part III‘, 5 May 2001, http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2001/5/5/9287.html.
59 See ‗Two Examples of Sudden Death for Unlawful Officers‘, 17 Sept. 2001,
http://www.minghui.ca/mh/articles/2001/9/9/16276.html. Other examples include the
explosion of a barge and the death of six on board, and various cases of food poisoning in
wine, rice, vegetable oil ‗and even poisonous moon cakes appeared one after another‘,
http://minghui.ca/mh/articles/2001/10/30/18838.html.
60 Li Hongzhi, ‗The Foretelling‘ (updated), posted 15 February 2002,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2002/2/15/18801.html. In this poem Li states:
‗What humans don‘t believe in, all now comes forth/ The sky cracks open and the earth burns/
The evil tries to hide the wicked ones to flee/ As gong surges forth, evil spirits wail and
scream/The Dafa disciples, ascend into the highest heavens/ In control of Heaven and Earth,
rectifying the human realm‘.
61 Li Hongzhi, ‗Eliminate Evil‘, 2 Dec. 2000,
http://www.clearwisdom.net/eng/2000/Dec/02/Editorials120200.html ‗Lecture at the Great