Cultic Studies Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1998, page 55
West, L. J. (1989). Persuasive techniques in religious cults. In Marc Galanter (Ed.), Cults
and new religious movements (pp. 165-192). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Association Press.
White, M. (n.d.). Deceived II (film). Muskegon, MI: Gospel Films
Winocur, N., Whitney, J., Sorenson, C., Vaughn, P., &Foy, D. (1997). The Individual Cult
Experience Index: The assessment of cult involvement and its relationship to postcult
distress. Cultic Studies Journal, 14(2), 290-306.
Yeakley, F. R. (1988). The discipling dilemma. Nashville, Tennessee: Gospel Advocate.
Zablocki, B. (1997). The blacklisting of a concept: The strange history of the brainwashing
conjecture in the sociology of religion. Nova Religio, 1(1), 96-121.
Paul R. Martin, Ph.D. is the founder and director of Wellspring Retreat &Resource Center,
located in Albany, Ohio. He received his doctorate in counseling from the University of
Pittsburgh and is a licensed psychologist and board-certified counselor.
Lawrence A. Pile is a research specialist and workshop leader at Wellspring Retreat &
Resource Center. He received his bachelor‘s degree from Wheaton College in Wheaton,
Illinois and has 5-½ years experience with an aberrational Christian movement. He has
been studying the cult phenomenon for more than 30 years.
Ron Burks, M. Div., M.A. is a psychology assistant at Wellspring Retreat &Resource
Center. He received the M. Div. (1992) and MA in counseling (1994) from Asbury Seminary
in Wilmore, Kentucky after spending 18 years in a well-known shepherding movement.
Stephen D. Martin, M. Div. is preventive cult education instructor and occasional
workshop leader at Wellspring Retreat &Resource Center. He received the M. Div. from
Nazarene Theological Seminary in Kansas City, Missouri in 1983, and also had some
experience in an aberrational Christian group.
This article is an electronic version of an article originally published in Cultic Studies Journal, 1998, Volume 15,
Number 2, pages 151-191. Please keep in mind that the pagination of this electronic reprint differs from that of the
bound volume. This fact could affect how you enter bibliographic information in papers that you may write.
West, L. J. (1989). Persuasive techniques in religious cults. In Marc Galanter (Ed.), Cults
and new religious movements (pp. 165-192). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Association Press.
White, M. (n.d.). Deceived II (film). Muskegon, MI: Gospel Films
Winocur, N., Whitney, J., Sorenson, C., Vaughn, P., &Foy, D. (1997). The Individual Cult
Experience Index: The assessment of cult involvement and its relationship to postcult
distress. Cultic Studies Journal, 14(2), 290-306.
Yeakley, F. R. (1988). The discipling dilemma. Nashville, Tennessee: Gospel Advocate.
Zablocki, B. (1997). The blacklisting of a concept: The strange history of the brainwashing
conjecture in the sociology of religion. Nova Religio, 1(1), 96-121.
Paul R. Martin, Ph.D. is the founder and director of Wellspring Retreat &Resource Center,
located in Albany, Ohio. He received his doctorate in counseling from the University of
Pittsburgh and is a licensed psychologist and board-certified counselor.
Lawrence A. Pile is a research specialist and workshop leader at Wellspring Retreat &
Resource Center. He received his bachelor‘s degree from Wheaton College in Wheaton,
Illinois and has 5-½ years experience with an aberrational Christian movement. He has
been studying the cult phenomenon for more than 30 years.
Ron Burks, M. Div., M.A. is a psychology assistant at Wellspring Retreat &Resource
Center. He received the M. Div. (1992) and MA in counseling (1994) from Asbury Seminary
in Wilmore, Kentucky after spending 18 years in a well-known shepherding movement.
Stephen D. Martin, M. Div. is preventive cult education instructor and occasional
workshop leader at Wellspring Retreat &Resource Center. He received the M. Div. from
Nazarene Theological Seminary in Kansas City, Missouri in 1983, and also had some
experience in an aberrational Christian group.
This article is an electronic version of an article originally published in Cultic Studies Journal, 1998, Volume 15,
Number 2, pages 151-191. Please keep in mind that the pagination of this electronic reprint differs from that of the
bound volume. This fact could affect how you enter bibliographic information in papers that you may write.
