48 International Journal of Cultic Studies ■ Vol. 8, 2017
Charmaz, K. (2008). Grounded theory in the 21st century:
Applications for advancing social justice studies. In N. K. Denzin
&Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Strategies of qualitative inquiry (pp. 203–
241). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Coates, D. (2010). Post-involvement difficulties experienced by
former members of charismatic groups. Journal of Religious
Health, 49, 296–310. doi:10.1007/s10943-009-9251-0
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design:
Choosing among five approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage.
Dahlen, P. (1997). Working with women survivors of cults: An
empowerment model for counselors. Cultic Studies Journal, 14,
145–154.
D’Andrea, L. M., &Sprenger, J. (2007). Atheism and
nonspirutality as diversity issues in counseling. Counseling and
Values, 51(2), 149–158. doi:10.1002/j.2161-007X.2007.tb00072.x
Eppley, K. (2006). Defying insider-outsider categorization: One
researcher’s fluid and complicated positioning on the insider-
outsider continuum. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 7(3),
Art. 16. Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-
research.net/index.php/ fqs/article/viewArticle/150/329
Furnari, L. (2005). Born or raised in high-demand groups:
Developmental considerations. ICSA E-newsletter, 4(3). Retrieved
from http://www.icsahome.com/infoserv_articles/furnari_leona_
bornraised_en0403.htm
Glaser, B. (1965). The constant comparative method of qualitative
analysis. Social Problems, 12(4), 436–445.
Glaser, B., &Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded
theory. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
Goldberg, L. (2006). Raised in cultic groups: The impact on
development of certain aspects of character. Cultic Studies Review,
5, 1–27.
Goldberg, W. (1993). Guidelines for support groups. In M.
Langone, (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 275–284). New York, NY:
W. W. Norton.
Guba, E., &Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation.
Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Hassan, S. (2000). Releasing the bonds: Empowering people to
think for themselves. Somerville, MA: Freedom of Mind Press.
Jacobs, J. (1991). Gender and power in new religious movements:
A feminist discourse on the scientific study of religion. Religion,
21(4), 345–356. doi:10.1016/0048-721X(91)90037-Q
Johnson, D., &VanVonderen, J. (1991). The subtle power of
spiritual abuse: Recognizing and escaping spiritual manipulation
and false spiritual authority within the church. Minneapolis, MN:
Bethany House.
Lalich, J., &Tobias, M. (2006). Take back your life: Recovering
from cults and abusive relationships. Berkeley, CA: Bay Tree.
Langone, M. (1993). Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse. New York, NY: American
Family Foundation.
Langone, M. (1994). Are “sound” theology and cultism mutually
exclusive? Cult Observer, 11, 9–10. Retrieved from
http://icsahome.com/infoserv_respond/by_studyguide.asp?Subject
=Are+%22Sound%22+Theology+and+Cultism+Mutually+Exclusi
ve%3F
Langone, M. (1996). Clinical update on cults. Psychiatric Times,
13(7), 3. Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/
display/article/10168/1158306
Lifton, R. (1961). Thought reform and the psychology of totalism:
A study of "brainwashing" in China. New York, NY: Norton.
Lottick, E. (2005). Prevalence of cults: A review of empirical
research in the U.S.A. Retrieved from
http://www.religionnewsblog.com/11811/prevalence-of-cults-in-
the-usa
Markowitz, A., &Halperin, D. A. (1984). Cults and children.
Cultic Studies Journal, 1, 143.
Martin, P. (1993a). Cult proofing your kids. New York, NY:
Zondervan Publishing.
Martin, P. (1993b). Post-cult recovery: Assessment and
rehabilitation. In M. D. Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults (pp.
203–231). New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
Matthews, C. (2012). Second generation adult former cult group
members’ recovery experiences: Implications for counselors
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Proquest. (3544472)
McCabe, K., Goldberg, L., Langone, M., &DeVoe, K. (2007). A
workshop for people born or raised in cultic groups, ICSA E-
Newsletter, 6(1). Retrieved from http://www.icsahome.com/
infoserv_articles/mccabe_kelley_sgaworkshop_en06.01.htm
Mertens, D. (2005). Research and evaluation in education and
psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mertens, D. (2010). Research and evaluation in education and
psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Moyers, J. (1994). Psychological issues of former fundamentalists.
Cultic Studies Journal, 11, 189–199.
Singer, M. (2003). Cults in our midst: The continuing fight against
their hidden menace. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Singh, A. A., &Salazar, C. F. (2010). Six considerations for social
justice group work. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work,
35(3), 308–319. doi:10.1080/01933922.2010.492908
Spradley, J. (1980). Participant observation. New York, NY: Holt,
Rinehart, &Winston.
Toporek, R., Lewis, J., &Crethar, H. (2009). Promoting systemic
change through the ACA advocacy competencies. Journal of
Counseling and Development, 87(3), 260–268.
West, L., &Martin, P. (1994). Pseudo-identity and the treatment of
personality change in victims of captivity and cults. In S. J. Lynn
&J. W. Rhue (Eds.), Dissociation: Clinical and theoretical
perspectives (pp. 268–289). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Zablocki, B. (1997). The blacklisting of a concept: The strange
history of the brainwashing conjecture in the sociology of religion.
Nova Religion: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent
Religions, 1(1), 96–121.
Charmaz, K. (2008). Grounded theory in the 21st century:
Applications for advancing social justice studies. In N. K. Denzin
&Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Strategies of qualitative inquiry (pp. 203–
241). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Coates, D. (2010). Post-involvement difficulties experienced by
former members of charismatic groups. Journal of Religious
Health, 49, 296–310. doi:10.1007/s10943-009-9251-0
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design:
Choosing among five approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage.
Dahlen, P. (1997). Working with women survivors of cults: An
empowerment model for counselors. Cultic Studies Journal, 14,
145–154.
D’Andrea, L. M., &Sprenger, J. (2007). Atheism and
nonspirutality as diversity issues in counseling. Counseling and
Values, 51(2), 149–158. doi:10.1002/j.2161-007X.2007.tb00072.x
Eppley, K. (2006). Defying insider-outsider categorization: One
researcher’s fluid and complicated positioning on the insider-
outsider continuum. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 7(3),
Art. 16. Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-
research.net/index.php/ fqs/article/viewArticle/150/329
Furnari, L. (2005). Born or raised in high-demand groups:
Developmental considerations. ICSA E-newsletter, 4(3). Retrieved
from http://www.icsahome.com/infoserv_articles/furnari_leona_
bornraised_en0403.htm
Glaser, B. (1965). The constant comparative method of qualitative
analysis. Social Problems, 12(4), 436–445.
Glaser, B., &Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded
theory. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
Goldberg, L. (2006). Raised in cultic groups: The impact on
development of certain aspects of character. Cultic Studies Review,
5, 1–27.
Goldberg, W. (1993). Guidelines for support groups. In M.
Langone, (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 275–284). New York, NY:
W. W. Norton.
Guba, E., &Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation.
Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Hassan, S. (2000). Releasing the bonds: Empowering people to
think for themselves. Somerville, MA: Freedom of Mind Press.
Jacobs, J. (1991). Gender and power in new religious movements:
A feminist discourse on the scientific study of religion. Religion,
21(4), 345–356. doi:10.1016/0048-721X(91)90037-Q
Johnson, D., &VanVonderen, J. (1991). The subtle power of
spiritual abuse: Recognizing and escaping spiritual manipulation
and false spiritual authority within the church. Minneapolis, MN:
Bethany House.
Lalich, J., &Tobias, M. (2006). Take back your life: Recovering
from cults and abusive relationships. Berkeley, CA: Bay Tree.
Langone, M. (1993). Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse. New York, NY: American
Family Foundation.
Langone, M. (1994). Are “sound” theology and cultism mutually
exclusive? Cult Observer, 11, 9–10. Retrieved from
http://icsahome.com/infoserv_respond/by_studyguide.asp?Subject
=Are+%22Sound%22+Theology+and+Cultism+Mutually+Exclusi
ve%3F
Langone, M. (1996). Clinical update on cults. Psychiatric Times,
13(7), 3. Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/
display/article/10168/1158306
Lifton, R. (1961). Thought reform and the psychology of totalism:
A study of "brainwashing" in China. New York, NY: Norton.
Lottick, E. (2005). Prevalence of cults: A review of empirical
research in the U.S.A. Retrieved from
http://www.religionnewsblog.com/11811/prevalence-of-cults-in-
the-usa
Markowitz, A., &Halperin, D. A. (1984). Cults and children.
Cultic Studies Journal, 1, 143.
Martin, P. (1993a). Cult proofing your kids. New York, NY:
Zondervan Publishing.
Martin, P. (1993b). Post-cult recovery: Assessment and
rehabilitation. In M. D. Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults (pp.
203–231). New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
Matthews, C. (2012). Second generation adult former cult group
members’ recovery experiences: Implications for counselors
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Proquest. (3544472)
McCabe, K., Goldberg, L., Langone, M., &DeVoe, K. (2007). A
workshop for people born or raised in cultic groups, ICSA E-
Newsletter, 6(1). Retrieved from http://www.icsahome.com/
infoserv_articles/mccabe_kelley_sgaworkshop_en06.01.htm
Mertens, D. (2005). Research and evaluation in education and
psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mertens, D. (2010). Research and evaluation in education and
psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and
mixed methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Moyers, J. (1994). Psychological issues of former fundamentalists.
Cultic Studies Journal, 11, 189–199.
Singer, M. (2003). Cults in our midst: The continuing fight against
their hidden menace. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Singh, A. A., &Salazar, C. F. (2010). Six considerations for social
justice group work. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work,
35(3), 308–319. doi:10.1080/01933922.2010.492908
Spradley, J. (1980). Participant observation. New York, NY: Holt,
Rinehart, &Winston.
Toporek, R., Lewis, J., &Crethar, H. (2009). Promoting systemic
change through the ACA advocacy competencies. Journal of
Counseling and Development, 87(3), 260–268.
West, L., &Martin, P. (1994). Pseudo-identity and the treatment of
personality change in victims of captivity and cults. In S. J. Lynn
&J. W. Rhue (Eds.), Dissociation: Clinical and theoretical
perspectives (pp. 268–289). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Zablocki, B. (1997). The blacklisting of a concept: The strange
history of the brainwashing conjecture in the sociology of religion.
Nova Religion: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent
Religions, 1(1), 96–121.


































































































