International Journal of Cultic Studies ■ Vol. 8, 2017 15
Langone, M. (1993). Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse. New York, NY &London, UK:
W. W. Norton.
Langone, M., &Eisenberg, G. (1993). Children and cults. In M.
Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 327–342). New York, NY
&London, UK: W. W. Norton.
Levitas, R., &Sargisson, L. (2003). Utopia in dark times:
Optimism/pessimism and utopia/dystopia. In T. Moylan &R.
Baccolini (Eds.), Dark horizons: science fiction and the dystopian
imagination (pp. 13–27). New York, NY: Routledge.
Lewis, J. R. (1987). The cult withdrawal syndrome: A case of
misattribution of cause? Journal for the Scientific Study of
Religion, 26, 508–522.
Maniglio, R. (2009). The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A
systematic review of reviews. Clinical Psychology Review, 29,
647–657.
Martin, P. (1993). Post-cult recovery: Assessment and
rehabilitation. In M. Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for
victims of psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 203–231). New
York, NY &London, UK: W. W. Norton
Mullen, P., Martin, J., Anderson, J., Romans, S., &Herbison, G.
(1994). The effect of sexual abuse on social, interpersonal and
sexual function in adult life. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165,
35–47.
Namini, S., &Murken, S. (2009). Self-chosen involvement in new
religious movements (NRMs): Well-being and mental health from
a longitudinal perspective. Mental Health, Religion and Culture,
12(6), 561–585.
Oakes, L. (1986). Inside Centrepoint: The story of a New Zealand
community. Takapuna, Auckland, NZ: Benton Ross Publishers.
Olson, P. J. (2000). Public perception of cults and new religious
movements. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 45(1), 97–
106.
Reavy, P. &Brown, S. D. (2007). Rethinking agency in memory:
Space and embodiment in memories of child sexual abuse. Journal
of Social Work Practice, 21(1), 5–21.
Richardson, J. T. (1995). Clinical and personality assessment of
participants in New Religious Movements. The International
Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 5(3), 145–170.
Sargisson, L., &Sargent, L. (2004). Living in utopia. New
Zealand’s intentional communities. Hants, UK: Ashgate
Publishing.
Schwartz, L, L. &Kaslow, F. W. (2001). The cult phenomenon: A
turn of the century update. The American Journal of Family
Therapy, 29(1), 13–22.
Singer, M. T., &Ofshe, R. (1990). Though reform programs and
the production of psychiatric casualties. Psychiatric Annals, 20,
188–193.
Singer, M. T., &Lalich, J. (1995). Cults in our midst. San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Siskand, A. (2001).Child rearing issues in totalist groups. In B.
Zablocki &T. Robbins (Eds.), Misunderstanding cults: Searching
for objectivity in a controversial field (pp. 415–451). Toronto,
Canada: University of Toronto Press.
Tomlin, S. S. (1991). Stigma and incest survivors. Child Abuse and
Neglect, 15, 557–566.
Van Dyke, C. J., &Elias, M. J. (2007). How forgiveness, purpose
and religiosity are related to the mental health and well-being of
youth: A review of the literature. Mental Health, Religion and
Culture, 10(4), 395–415.
Walsh, Y., &Bor, R. (1996). Psychological consequences of
involvement in a new religious movement or cults. Counselling
Psychology Quarterly, 9(1), 47–61.
Ward, D. (2002). Cults and the family. Australia and New Zealand
Journal of Family Therapy, 23(2), 61–88.
Whitsett, D., &Kent, S. (2003). Cults and families. Families in
Society, 84(4), 491–502.
Wright, S. A. (1984). Post-involvement attitudes of voluntary
defectors from controversial New Religious Movements. Journal
for the Scientific Study of Religion, 23(2), 172–182.
Zablocki, B. &Robbins, T. (2001). Introduction: Finding a middle
ground in a polarized scholarly area. In B. Zablocki &T. Robbins
(Eds.), Misunderstanding cults: Searching for objectivity in a
controversial field (pp. 3–31). Toronto, Canada: University of
Toronto Press.
About the Authors
Kerry Gibson
Department of Psychology
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92019
Auckland 1142
Mandy Morgan
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
Cheryl Woolley
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
Tracey Powis
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
Langone, M. (1993). Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse. New York, NY &London, UK:
W. W. Norton.
Langone, M., &Eisenberg, G. (1993). Children and cults. In M.
Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for victims of
psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 327–342). New York, NY
&London, UK: W. W. Norton.
Levitas, R., &Sargisson, L. (2003). Utopia in dark times:
Optimism/pessimism and utopia/dystopia. In T. Moylan &R.
Baccolini (Eds.), Dark horizons: science fiction and the dystopian
imagination (pp. 13–27). New York, NY: Routledge.
Lewis, J. R. (1987). The cult withdrawal syndrome: A case of
misattribution of cause? Journal for the Scientific Study of
Religion, 26, 508–522.
Maniglio, R. (2009). The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A
systematic review of reviews. Clinical Psychology Review, 29,
647–657.
Martin, P. (1993). Post-cult recovery: Assessment and
rehabilitation. In M. Langone (Ed.), Recovery from cults: Help for
victims of psychological and spiritual abuse (pp. 203–231). New
York, NY &London, UK: W. W. Norton
Mullen, P., Martin, J., Anderson, J., Romans, S., &Herbison, G.
(1994). The effect of sexual abuse on social, interpersonal and
sexual function in adult life. British Journal of Psychiatry, 165,
35–47.
Namini, S., &Murken, S. (2009). Self-chosen involvement in new
religious movements (NRMs): Well-being and mental health from
a longitudinal perspective. Mental Health, Religion and Culture,
12(6), 561–585.
Oakes, L. (1986). Inside Centrepoint: The story of a New Zealand
community. Takapuna, Auckland, NZ: Benton Ross Publishers.
Olson, P. J. (2000). Public perception of cults and new religious
movements. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 45(1), 97–
106.
Reavy, P. &Brown, S. D. (2007). Rethinking agency in memory:
Space and embodiment in memories of child sexual abuse. Journal
of Social Work Practice, 21(1), 5–21.
Richardson, J. T. (1995). Clinical and personality assessment of
participants in New Religious Movements. The International
Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 5(3), 145–170.
Sargisson, L., &Sargent, L. (2004). Living in utopia. New
Zealand’s intentional communities. Hants, UK: Ashgate
Publishing.
Schwartz, L, L. &Kaslow, F. W. (2001). The cult phenomenon: A
turn of the century update. The American Journal of Family
Therapy, 29(1), 13–22.
Singer, M. T., &Ofshe, R. (1990). Though reform programs and
the production of psychiatric casualties. Psychiatric Annals, 20,
188–193.
Singer, M. T., &Lalich, J. (1995). Cults in our midst. San
Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Siskand, A. (2001).Child rearing issues in totalist groups. In B.
Zablocki &T. Robbins (Eds.), Misunderstanding cults: Searching
for objectivity in a controversial field (pp. 415–451). Toronto,
Canada: University of Toronto Press.
Tomlin, S. S. (1991). Stigma and incest survivors. Child Abuse and
Neglect, 15, 557–566.
Van Dyke, C. J., &Elias, M. J. (2007). How forgiveness, purpose
and religiosity are related to the mental health and well-being of
youth: A review of the literature. Mental Health, Religion and
Culture, 10(4), 395–415.
Walsh, Y., &Bor, R. (1996). Psychological consequences of
involvement in a new religious movement or cults. Counselling
Psychology Quarterly, 9(1), 47–61.
Ward, D. (2002). Cults and the family. Australia and New Zealand
Journal of Family Therapy, 23(2), 61–88.
Whitsett, D., &Kent, S. (2003). Cults and families. Families in
Society, 84(4), 491–502.
Wright, S. A. (1984). Post-involvement attitudes of voluntary
defectors from controversial New Religious Movements. Journal
for the Scientific Study of Religion, 23(2), 172–182.
Zablocki, B. &Robbins, T. (2001). Introduction: Finding a middle
ground in a polarized scholarly area. In B. Zablocki &T. Robbins
(Eds.), Misunderstanding cults: Searching for objectivity in a
controversial field (pp. 3–31). Toronto, Canada: University of
Toronto Press.
About the Authors
Kerry Gibson
Department of Psychology
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92019
Auckland 1142
Mandy Morgan
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
Cheryl Woolley
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
Tracey Powis
School of Psychology
Massey University
Palmerston North
