Cultic Studies Review, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2002, Page 51
by an ―intimate.‖ The incidence of domestic violence increases in poor families and for
younger women, ages 10 to 29.
7. 22 U.S.C.A. § 7101 (West Supp. 2001).
8. VAWO Release, supra note 3.
9. Id.
10. Id.
11. VAWA 1994, supra note 2.
12. 42 U.S.C. § 13981(c) (1994) see Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 25.
13. Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 26-28 (citing Brzonkala v. Va. Polytechnic &State
Univ., 935 F. Supp. 779 (W.D.Va. 1996), rev‟d, 132 F.3d 949 (4th Cir. 1997)).
14. United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000) (Morrison is the companion case that was
decided along with Brzonkala). Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist wrote the decision. He was
joined by Justices Sandra Day O‘Connor, Antonin Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy and Clarence
Thomas.
15. Id. at 627 see Brook A. Masters, „No Winners‟ in Rape Lawsuit Two Students Forever
Changed by Case That Went to Supreme Court, The Wash. Post, May 20, 2000, at B1.
16. See Morrison, 529 U.S. at 607.
17. U.S. Const. art. I § 8, cl. 3.
18. Morrison, 529 U.S. at 609-10.
19. Specifically, § 13981 of VAWA 1994, 42 U.S.C. § 13981 (1994).
20. Morrison, 529 U.S. at 610-12.
21. Id. at 613.
22. Id.
23. Joan Biskupic, Justices Reject Lawsuits For Rape Court Again Limits Congress‟s Power, The
Wash. Post, May 16, 2000, at A1 (quoting Martha F. Davis).
24. Id.
25. News Release, Statement of the Attorney General on Reauthorization of the Violence Against
Women Act (May 2000), available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo/collected.htm (last
visited August 3, 2001) [hereinafter Release, Reauthorization of VAWA].
26. H.R. 429, 107th Cong. (2001) (sponsored by Representative John Conyers D-MI).
27. See id.
28. See Release, Reauthorization of VAWA, supra note 25 see also News Release, Intimate
Partner Violence Against Women Declined From 1993 Through 1998: One-third of All Murdered
Females Were Killed by Partner (May 17, 2000), available at
http://www.usnewswire.com/OJP/docs/ipv.txt (last visited August 3, 2001).
29. Release, Reauthorization of VAWA, supra note 25.
30. Id.
31. The Violence Against Women Act of 2000, Pub. L. No. 106-386, 114 Stat. 1491 (2000) (to be
codified in scattered sections of 8 &42 U.S.C. [hereinafter VAWA 2000].
32. VAWO, available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo/about.htm (last visited August 3, 2001).
33. Id. In the left column will be an option for ―State-by State VAWO Grant Activities.‖ Click there
and then click on individual states of your choice.
34. The highlights are summarized from the web site of the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of
Justice Programs, located on the web at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo (last visited August
3, 2001).
35. See Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 6-11 (discussing the difficulties in prosecuting sex
crimes committed by someone whom the victim knows).
36. VAWA 2000 § 1109.
37. VAWA 2000 added the term ―dating violence‖ to programs such as the Grants to Encourage
Arrest Policies and Enforcement of Protection Orders Program and the Grants to Reduce
Violent Crimes Against Women on Campus Program. VAWA 2000 §§ 1108, 1109.
38. VAWA 2000 § 1109.
39. Id.
40. See supra note 32 for webpage.
41. VAWA 2000 states that an offense of interstate domestic violence is: (1) a person who travels
in interstate or foreign commerce or enters or leaves Indian country with the intent to kill,
injure, harass, or intimidate a spouse or intimate partner, and who, in the course of or as a
result of such travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse
or intimate partner ...(2) A person who causes a spouse or intimate partner to travel in
by an ―intimate.‖ The incidence of domestic violence increases in poor families and for
younger women, ages 10 to 29.
7. 22 U.S.C.A. § 7101 (West Supp. 2001).
8. VAWO Release, supra note 3.
9. Id.
10. Id.
11. VAWA 1994, supra note 2.
12. 42 U.S.C. § 13981(c) (1994) see Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 25.
13. Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 26-28 (citing Brzonkala v. Va. Polytechnic &State
Univ., 935 F. Supp. 779 (W.D.Va. 1996), rev‟d, 132 F.3d 949 (4th Cir. 1997)).
14. United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000) (Morrison is the companion case that was
decided along with Brzonkala). Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist wrote the decision. He was
joined by Justices Sandra Day O‘Connor, Antonin Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy and Clarence
Thomas.
15. Id. at 627 see Brook A. Masters, „No Winners‟ in Rape Lawsuit Two Students Forever
Changed by Case That Went to Supreme Court, The Wash. Post, May 20, 2000, at B1.
16. See Morrison, 529 U.S. at 607.
17. U.S. Const. art. I § 8, cl. 3.
18. Morrison, 529 U.S. at 609-10.
19. Specifically, § 13981 of VAWA 1994, 42 U.S.C. § 13981 (1994).
20. Morrison, 529 U.S. at 610-12.
21. Id. at 613.
22. Id.
23. Joan Biskupic, Justices Reject Lawsuits For Rape Court Again Limits Congress‟s Power, The
Wash. Post, May 16, 2000, at A1 (quoting Martha F. Davis).
24. Id.
25. News Release, Statement of the Attorney General on Reauthorization of the Violence Against
Women Act (May 2000), available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo/collected.htm (last
visited August 3, 2001) [hereinafter Release, Reauthorization of VAWA].
26. H.R. 429, 107th Cong. (2001) (sponsored by Representative John Conyers D-MI).
27. See id.
28. See Release, Reauthorization of VAWA, supra note 25 see also News Release, Intimate
Partner Violence Against Women Declined From 1993 Through 1998: One-third of All Murdered
Females Were Killed by Partner (May 17, 2000), available at
http://www.usnewswire.com/OJP/docs/ipv.txt (last visited August 3, 2001).
29. Release, Reauthorization of VAWA, supra note 25.
30. Id.
31. The Violence Against Women Act of 2000, Pub. L. No. 106-386, 114 Stat. 1491 (2000) (to be
codified in scattered sections of 8 &42 U.S.C. [hereinafter VAWA 2000].
32. VAWO, available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo/about.htm (last visited August 3, 2001).
33. Id. In the left column will be an option for ―State-by State VAWO Grant Activities.‖ Click there
and then click on individual states of your choice.
34. The highlights are summarized from the web site of the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of
Justice Programs, located on the web at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/vawo (last visited August
3, 2001).
35. See Boyle, Three Avenues, supra note 1, at 6-11 (discussing the difficulties in prosecuting sex
crimes committed by someone whom the victim knows).
36. VAWA 2000 § 1109.
37. VAWA 2000 added the term ―dating violence‖ to programs such as the Grants to Encourage
Arrest Policies and Enforcement of Protection Orders Program and the Grants to Reduce
Violent Crimes Against Women on Campus Program. VAWA 2000 §§ 1108, 1109.
38. VAWA 2000 § 1109.
39. Id.
40. See supra note 32 for webpage.
41. VAWA 2000 states that an offense of interstate domestic violence is: (1) a person who travels
in interstate or foreign commerce or enters or leaves Indian country with the intent to kill,
injure, harass, or intimidate a spouse or intimate partner, and who, in the course of or as a
result of such travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse
or intimate partner ...(2) A person who causes a spouse or intimate partner to travel in
