58 International Journal of Coercion, Abuse, and Manipulation ■ Vol. 2, 2021
included in the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, much has been
written about sadism and its comorbidity
with personality disorders.) Certainly, it
seems likely that much more will be written
about Keith Raniere, the world’s self-
proclaimed smartest man.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Publisher.
Anderson, R. D. (1999). Inside the mind of Joseph Smith:
Psychobiography and the Book of Mormon. Signature Books.
Berman, S. (2018, August 16). I followed the NXIVM “sex-cult”
diet for a week. Vice https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/9kmmja/i-
followed-the-NXIVM-sex-cult-diet-for-a-week
Bloch, J., Goldhar, K., Elash, A., &Pizer, D. (2018). The making of
Vanguard. https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/
the-making-of-the-vanguard
CAAGe: Campaign Against Adult Grooming. (2019).
https://caage.org/
2019/02/16/the-psychology-of-adult-sexual-grooming-review/
Clarke, R. O. (1988, spring). The narcissistic guru: A profile of
Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh. Free Inquiry (pp. 33–45).
Craven, S., Brown, S., &Gilchrist, E. (2006). Sexual grooming of
children: Review of literature and theoretical considerations.
Journal of Aggression, 12(3), 287–299.
Dayan, H. (2018). Sexual abuse in charismatic cults. Aggression and
Violent Behavior. 41, 25–31.
Dunkley, C. R., &Brotto, L. A. (2019, April). The role of consent
in the context of BDSM. Sexual Abuse, 1–22.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063219842847
Edmondson, S., with Gasbarre, K. (2019). Scarred: The true story of
how I escaped NXIVM the cult that bound my life. Chronicle Prism.
Freedman, M. (2003). Cult of personality. Forbes (October 13).
https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2003/1013/
088.html#12b9993d1853
Grigoriadis, V. (2018). The empowerment cult. The New York Times
Magazine (June 3), 28–35 56–59.
Helmore, E. (2019). Everything was just lies: How alleged sex cult
NXIVM deceived its victims. The Guardian (May 11).
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/
may/11/NXIVM-trial-allison-mack-keith-raniere-cult-victims
Hong, N. (2020). Heir to liquor fortune gets 81-month sentence for
role in abusive ‘cult’. New York Times. Oct 1. A23(L).
http://bi.gale.com.ezproxy.macewan.ca/essentials/article/GALE|A6
37024583/290744e93902dec8337876fcd2a43c43?u=edmo87290
Hong, N., &Piccoli, S. (2020). After emotional hearing, leader of
NXIVM cult is sentenced to 120 years. New York Times. Oct
28.A23(L)
http://bi.gale.com.ezproxy.macewan.ca/essentials/article/GALE|A6
39650575/f79b5f882838bee386fb68bb65f2ee26?u=edmo87290
Humphreys, J. P. (2018). How to avoid getting caught up in an
alleged cult. Psychology Today.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/anxiety-
work/201809/how-avoid-getting-caught-in-alleged-cult
Hughes, Steve. (2020). NXIVM leader Keith Raniere to be
sentenced on Oct. 27. Times Union.
https://www.timesunion.com/news/
article/NXIVM-leader-Keith-Raniere-to-be-sentenced-on-
15484038.php
Jacobs, J. (2000). Charisma, male entitlement, and the abuse of
power. In A. Shupe, W. A. Stacey, &S. E. Darnell (Eds.). Bad
pastors: Clergy misconduct in modern America (pp. 294–307). New
York University Press.
Kent, S. A. (2012). Religious justifications for child sexual abuse in
cults and alternative religions. International Journal of Cultic
Studies. 3: 49–73.
Kent, S. A. (2001). From slogans to mantras: Social protest and
religious conversion in the late Vietnam war era. Syracuse
University Press.
Lalich, J. (2004). Bounded choice: True believers and charismatic
cults. University of California Press.
Lalich, J. (1997). Dominance and submission: The psychosexual
exploitation of women in cults. Cultic Studies Journal. 14(1), 4–21.
Lane, J., &Kent, S. A. (2008). Politiques de rage et narcissisme
malin. Criminologie, 41(2), 117–155.
Lanning, K. (2018). The evolution of grooming: Concept and term.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 33(1), 5–16.
Martin, P. (2003). A critical analysis of the Executive Success
Programs Inc. https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/NXIVM/esp10.html
McAlinden, A-M. (2012). “Grooming” and the sexual abuse of
children. Oxford University Press.
Meier, B. (2017). Inside a secretive group where women are
branded. New York Times (September 17).
https://www.nytimes.com/
2017/10/17/nyregion/NXIVM-women-branded-albany.html
Meikle, J. (2005). Imposed anorexia: A model of dietary restriction
in four ideological groups. Cultic Studies Review, 4(1), 41–61.
Minto, K., Hornsey, M. J., Gillespie, N., Healy, K., &Jetten, J.
(2016). A social identity approach to understanding responses to
child sexual abuse allegations. PLoS One, 11, 1–15.
MOBIEG. (2019). Adult grooming.
https://www.mobieg.co.za/abuse/adult-grooming/
Natalie, T., with Hardin, C. (2019). The program: Inside the mind of
Keith Raniere and the rise and fall of NXIVM. Grand Central
Publishing.
Oakes, L. (1997). Prophetic charisma: The psychology of
revolutionary religious personalities. Syracuse University Press.
Odato, J., &Gish, J. (2012). In Raniere’s shadows. Albany Times
Union (February 22). https://www.timesunion.com/local/article/In-
Raniere-s-shadows-3341644.php
Ost, S. (2004). Getting to grips with sexual grooming? The new
offence under the Sexual Offences Act 2003. Journal of Social
Welfare and Family Law, 26(2), 147–159.
Oxenberg, C., with Stoynoff, N. (2019). Captive: A mother’s
crusade to save her daughter from the terrifying cult NXIVM.
Gallery Books.
included in the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, much has been
written about sadism and its comorbidity
with personality disorders.) Certainly, it
seems likely that much more will be written
about Keith Raniere, the world’s self-
proclaimed smartest man.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Publisher.
Anderson, R. D. (1999). Inside the mind of Joseph Smith:
Psychobiography and the Book of Mormon. Signature Books.
Berman, S. (2018, August 16). I followed the NXIVM “sex-cult”
diet for a week. Vice https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/9kmmja/i-
followed-the-NXIVM-sex-cult-diet-for-a-week
Bloch, J., Goldhar, K., Elash, A., &Pizer, D. (2018). The making of
Vanguard. https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/
the-making-of-the-vanguard
CAAGe: Campaign Against Adult Grooming. (2019).
https://caage.org/
2019/02/16/the-psychology-of-adult-sexual-grooming-review/
Clarke, R. O. (1988, spring). The narcissistic guru: A profile of
Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh. Free Inquiry (pp. 33–45).
Craven, S., Brown, S., &Gilchrist, E. (2006). Sexual grooming of
children: Review of literature and theoretical considerations.
Journal of Aggression, 12(3), 287–299.
Dayan, H. (2018). Sexual abuse in charismatic cults. Aggression and
Violent Behavior. 41, 25–31.
Dunkley, C. R., &Brotto, L. A. (2019, April). The role of consent
in the context of BDSM. Sexual Abuse, 1–22.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063219842847
Edmondson, S., with Gasbarre, K. (2019). Scarred: The true story of
how I escaped NXIVM the cult that bound my life. Chronicle Prism.
Freedman, M. (2003). Cult of personality. Forbes (October 13).
https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2003/1013/
088.html#12b9993d1853
Grigoriadis, V. (2018). The empowerment cult. The New York Times
Magazine (June 3), 28–35 56–59.
Helmore, E. (2019). Everything was just lies: How alleged sex cult
NXIVM deceived its victims. The Guardian (May 11).
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/
may/11/NXIVM-trial-allison-mack-keith-raniere-cult-victims
Hong, N. (2020). Heir to liquor fortune gets 81-month sentence for
role in abusive ‘cult’. New York Times. Oct 1. A23(L).
http://bi.gale.com.ezproxy.macewan.ca/essentials/article/GALE|A6
37024583/290744e93902dec8337876fcd2a43c43?u=edmo87290
Hong, N., &Piccoli, S. (2020). After emotional hearing, leader of
NXIVM cult is sentenced to 120 years. New York Times. Oct
28.A23(L)
http://bi.gale.com.ezproxy.macewan.ca/essentials/article/GALE|A6
39650575/f79b5f882838bee386fb68bb65f2ee26?u=edmo87290
Humphreys, J. P. (2018). How to avoid getting caught up in an
alleged cult. Psychology Today.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/anxiety-
work/201809/how-avoid-getting-caught-in-alleged-cult
Hughes, Steve. (2020). NXIVM leader Keith Raniere to be
sentenced on Oct. 27. Times Union.
https://www.timesunion.com/news/
article/NXIVM-leader-Keith-Raniere-to-be-sentenced-on-
15484038.php
Jacobs, J. (2000). Charisma, male entitlement, and the abuse of
power. In A. Shupe, W. A. Stacey, &S. E. Darnell (Eds.). Bad
pastors: Clergy misconduct in modern America (pp. 294–307). New
York University Press.
Kent, S. A. (2012). Religious justifications for child sexual abuse in
cults and alternative religions. International Journal of Cultic
Studies. 3: 49–73.
Kent, S. A. (2001). From slogans to mantras: Social protest and
religious conversion in the late Vietnam war era. Syracuse
University Press.
Lalich, J. (2004). Bounded choice: True believers and charismatic
cults. University of California Press.
Lalich, J. (1997). Dominance and submission: The psychosexual
exploitation of women in cults. Cultic Studies Journal. 14(1), 4–21.
Lane, J., &Kent, S. A. (2008). Politiques de rage et narcissisme
malin. Criminologie, 41(2), 117–155.
Lanning, K. (2018). The evolution of grooming: Concept and term.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 33(1), 5–16.
Martin, P. (2003). A critical analysis of the Executive Success
Programs Inc. https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/NXIVM/esp10.html
McAlinden, A-M. (2012). “Grooming” and the sexual abuse of
children. Oxford University Press.
Meier, B. (2017). Inside a secretive group where women are
branded. New York Times (September 17).
https://www.nytimes.com/
2017/10/17/nyregion/NXIVM-women-branded-albany.html
Meikle, J. (2005). Imposed anorexia: A model of dietary restriction
in four ideological groups. Cultic Studies Review, 4(1), 41–61.
Minto, K., Hornsey, M. J., Gillespie, N., Healy, K., &Jetten, J.
(2016). A social identity approach to understanding responses to
child sexual abuse allegations. PLoS One, 11, 1–15.
MOBIEG. (2019). Adult grooming.
https://www.mobieg.co.za/abuse/adult-grooming/
Natalie, T., with Hardin, C. (2019). The program: Inside the mind of
Keith Raniere and the rise and fall of NXIVM. Grand Central
Publishing.
Oakes, L. (1997). Prophetic charisma: The psychology of
revolutionary religious personalities. Syracuse University Press.
Odato, J., &Gish, J. (2012). In Raniere’s shadows. Albany Times
Union (February 22). https://www.timesunion.com/local/article/In-
Raniere-s-shadows-3341644.php
Ost, S. (2004). Getting to grips with sexual grooming? The new
offence under the Sexual Offences Act 2003. Journal of Social
Welfare and Family Law, 26(2), 147–159.
Oxenberg, C., with Stoynoff, N. (2019). Captive: A mother’s
crusade to save her daughter from the terrifying cult NXIVM.
Gallery Books.
